北京那个治疗白癜风医院比较好 http://wapyyk.39.net/bj/zhuanke/89ac7.html来源｜医院呼吸与危重症医学科版权归原作者所有，如有违规、侵权请联系我们
有一首歌
相信大家都不陌生
▽
想念是会呼吸都痛
它活在我身上所有角落
……
“会呼吸的痛”了解的这么透彻
不能呼吸的痛，你知道是啥感受吗？
有一群人深有体会
慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者
（以下简称“慢阻肺”）
得了慢阻肺是什么感受？
“就像是一头大象坐在我的胸口……”这是一位罹患慢阻肺四年的患者的回答。
在大多数的日子里，患上慢阻肺的患者都会觉得呼吸短促，胸口有种压迫感，就像是时时刻刻有块石头压在胸上，呼吸困难，喘不上气。
想象一下胖头鱼离开水的样子，嘴巴张得老大，但是气管不通畅，吸不进，呼不出，憋屈得很。患上慢阻肺，大概也是这种感觉。
今年70岁的邝伯，患慢阻肺已经10余年了，也因为这个病反反复复地住院。
前不久，邝伯因为咳嗽咳痰加重，呼吸急促，气短且不均匀，已经严重影响了正常生活，于是在外院进行了气管插管。
插管期间多次尝试想拔除气管插管，都没有成功，最后进行了气管切开术，气切处接呼吸机辅助呼吸。
术后，虽然已经接受了气管切开的事实，但是邝伯还是希望能回家休养，可当时的身体状况并不允许他出院。带着有创呼吸机的邝伯，一旦脱离呼吸机，便气促明显、呼吸费力、血氧饱和度下降，情况危急。
为了满足邝伯回家休养的心愿，在他进行气管切开术后的第19天，家属将他转入了医院呼吸重症监护室治疗。
转入后，医院呼吸重症监护室的医护团队为邝伯进行了全面的评估，发现邝伯是因为呼吸肌肉疲劳导致的脱机困难，于是打算给他进行肺康复训练。
01
《郑氏卧位康复操》
首先给邝伯进行了广州呼研所团队发明的《郑氏卧位康复操》，每天两次，每次20-30分钟。
REC
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佩戴呼吸机患者进行康复训练时，要注意以下几点：
进行康复训练前需将气道及口鼻腔的痰液吸尽；
保护好呼吸机管道避免管道脱落；
专人床旁指导，密切观察生命体征，如有异常立即停止训练；
保证床栏及床刹性能的完好。
邝伯经过了几天的训练后，已经能从最开始的一天做几次到后来的一天几十次，邝伯的脸上渐渐有了笑容······
02
呼吸肌肉及呼吸方法的训练
适应了床上的康复训练，医护人员开始为邝伯进行呼吸肌肉及呼吸方法的训练，锻炼膈肌、腹肌肌力和耐力，以降低二氧化碳分压。
时隔2个月，在医护人员的搀扶下邝伯第一次站起来了，在进行下肢训练的同时配合缩唇呼吸和腹式呼吸。
最终，邝伯可以独立站立起来并且成功脱离大型呼吸机！目前，邝伯已经回家休养。
你了解慢阻肺吗？
慢阻肺，全称是慢性阻塞性肺部疾病（COPD），是一种发病率和死亡率极高的疾病，早在年的时候，慢阻肺已经成为全球第四大致死疾病，到了年世界卫生组织（WHO）的统计数据显示，其死亡率全球第三。
慢阻肺
慢阻肺就像一把藏在身体里的“慢刀子”从咳嗽、咳痰到气短或呼吸困难再到憋气和胸闷最后引起全身性疾病（如心血管疾病、骨质疏松、肺癌等）晚期慢阻肺患者最典型的症状就是喘不上气
……
对于像邝伯这类的患者
如何在日常生活中管理慢阻肺呢？
1.最重要的是戒烟
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长期吸烟是引发慢阻肺的主要原因，近七成慢阻肺患者的患病和吸烟有关。
2.其次是坚持治疗
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出院以后根据医生制定的治疗方案遵医嘱进行药物治疗非药物治疗和康复训练，并且定期随访。呼吸康复训练包括缩唇呼吸法和腹式呼吸。
01
缩唇呼吸
用鼻吸气，缩唇做吹口哨样缓慢呼气，在不感到费力的情况下，自动调节呼吸频率、呼吸深度和缩唇程度，每天3次，每次30分钟。
02
腹式呼吸
患者取立位，体弱者也可取坐位或仰卧位，放松做深呼吸，一手放于腹部一手放于胸前，吸气时尽力挺腹，也可用手加压腹部，呼气时腹部内陷，尽量将气呼出，一般吸气2秒，呼气4-6秒。用鼻吸气，用口呼气要求缓呼深吸，不可用力。开始每日2次，每次10-15分钟，熟练后可增加次数和时限，使之成为自然的呼吸习惯。
3.适当运动
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可做一些适当的体力训练，如步行、爬斜坡、上下楼梯及慢跑等有氧运动。运动量由慢至快，由小至大逐渐增加，以身体耐受情况为度。
4.保持营养均衡
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慢阻肺患者一般抵抗力较差，因此保证充足、均衡的营养很重要。患者要保持适当的体重，需要补充高热量、高蛋白食物。如果一次不能进食较多食物，一天中可以分为4到5次进餐。
康复
一个全民
